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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medications are the first option for treating ADHD. They have a history of a strong response, a high tolerance, and are safe throughout the life span. It is crucial to find the dosage and medication that eases your child's or your own symptoms without causing adverse consequences. This usually requires many trials and trial and open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase activity in the central nervous system. They are widely used as enhancement of cognitive and performance by athletes, students artists, workers, and students. They also serve to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as well as narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, and some anxiety disorders. Amphetamines and methylphenidates as well as other stimulant medications are among the most frequently used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants come in both immediate-release and prolonged-release formulations. In the case of immediate-release, they are typically taken every 4 hours as needed. If they are not taken as often, they can cause an abrupt and brief decrease in energy. The crash could cause severe cravings, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase heart rate and blood pressure for some people, particularly when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release its active ingredients over the course of 8-16 hours. Your doctor may recommend this kind of medication if you want long-lasting control of symptoms without having to take a pill several times per day. Methylphenidate products in the extended-release category include Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin. Another alternative is the long-acting methylphenidate patch known as Daytrana, which sticks to the skin as a band-aid and lasts all day. This kind of medication is typically prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD who require daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release alternatives. The use of stimulants does not cure ADHD but it can help manage the symptoms by improving how neurons in the brain communicate. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters within the brain, like dopamine and norepinephrine. They do this by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows more neurotransmitters be released, and it helps messages between neurons be more effectively sent and received. In addition to stimulants, doctors may prescribe antidepressants to treat ADHD. The majority of antidepressants prescribed to treat ADHD work on the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in your brain. Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibiters are a great option for people with depression or anxiety. These medications are usually paired with stimulants to boost their effectiveness. Your doctor may also switch between stimulant and a non-stimulant drug if your current medication isn't working or causes an unacceptable side effects. Long-acting Stimulants help about 70%-80 percent of adults and children with ADHD. They help reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They also help improve the performance of your job and improve your social abilities. The stimulant medication begins to work once it has crossed the blood-brain barriers, which takes 45-60 minutes. They increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in brain cells, which decreases hyperactivity and impulsivity. The FDA-approved stimulant drugs contain one of two molecules: the methylphenidate (Adderall, Ritalin, Vyvanse, Concerta) and amphetamine (Ritalin, Adderall XR, Vyvanse XR). Stimulants may cause side effects such as nausea, loss of appetite and increased blood pressure. adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication Iam Psychiatry can also trigger headaches and anxiety. They can also make tics worse, and they may cause problems sleeping in some people. Long-acting stimulants (such as Strattera and Wellbutrin) work all night and day unlike medications that last just a few hours. They can be employed to treat other conditions like anxiety or depression. These medications work by changing the way your body regulates chemicals called monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases are enzymes that break down dopamine as well as other neurotransmitters inside the brain. When these chemicals aren't broken down and remain in your body for a longer time and can affect your thinking and behavior. Long-acting medications can have fewer negative effects. Your doctor will prescribe it in smaller doses that you take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available in extended-release form that you can take daily. This is a good option for some adults, but it's crucial to remember to take them every day. Other medications have been shown to be effective for a lot of adults with ADHD which includes selective serotonin Reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are usually prescribed for anxiety or depression but can be prescribed for ADHD. Around 70% of patients respond to these drugs. Bupropion (Wellbutrin) is a different SSRI that has been approved for ADHD and has been demonstrated to be more effective than placebos in a controlled study. These drugs can cause serious side effects, like the ringing of ears anxiety, changes in heart, vision and lung function. Short-acting The stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine within the brain. These are two chemicals that aid people in focusing and regulate their behavior. They are available in many varieties, and each has its own brand name such as Adderall, Vyvanse, Ritalin and Concerta. There are two primary types of stimulant medicines amphetamines and methylphenidates. They all have similar effects, but differ in the length of their action. The methylphenidates have shorter-lasting effects and can last for up to three hours, whereas the amphetamines provide longer-lasting effects. Some people are better at absorbing long-acting stimulant medications than short-acting medications and therefore, your doctor might prescribe this type of medication. It is essential to know all you can about the medication and its possible side effects, the best dosage, how often it is recommended to take it and any warnings specific to the medication that should be observed. This will help you and your physician determine the most suitable medication for you. It is important to know that these drugs can cause certain negative side effects, such as problems sleeping or a loss of appetite. If you experience these issues consult your physician about adjusting the dosage or trying other medications. Adults with ADHD who aren't responding well to stimulants could be treated with non-stimulant drugs that take longer to get started but can improve the ability of a person to concentrate and manage impulses. These drugs can be prescribed as a stand-alone or in combination with stimulants. The first is atomoxetine (brand names Strattera and Qelbree) that increases norepinephrine as well as dopamine in the prefrontal cortex which regulates the behavior. Another is Guanfacine (brand name Intuniv) that belongs to a group of medications known as alpha agonists. They block the absorption of brain chemicals and increasing their concentration in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was created to treat high blood pressure, but has also been shown to help those suffering from ADHD. Combinations There are many drug combinations that are used by people suffering from ADHD. These include stimulants and depressant drugs such as Guanfacine and Clonidine. These drugs are calming for the brain and can help reduce symptoms like insomnia and aggressive behavior. They also aid in preventing withdrawal symptoms that can result from stimulants. This combination could be risky but only when it is not utilized correctly. Serotonin Syndrome is a medical emergency that occurs when there is a high concentration of serotonin in the body. This combination can also increase blood pressure and heart rate. The risks associated with this drug are higher for those who have pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Combinations of stimulants are more and more being used by teenagers and young adults. These substances, which are sold in pharmacies, are called “legal highs”. They are also available on the black market. These substances are dangerous especially when mixed with alcohol and other drugs. The use of multiple drugs can be risky. Mixing drugs can trigger unpredictable and harmful consequences, such as an increased heart rate, slow breathing, paranoia, hallucinations, seizures and addiction. Combination therapy is more effective than monopharmacotherapy in treating ADHD, according to a study. Combining medications increased adherence and allowed patients to achieve more relief from symptoms than monotherapy. However, many patients stopped their treatment due to adverse effects. In some cases the medication was removed due to sleep issues or worsening of tics. This could be due to a wrong diagnosis or lack of medication. Nonstimulants can also be used to treat ADHD. These drugs help improve the quality of attention and impulse control, but not as well as stimulants. They are also less likely to block growth and affect appetite. Some antidepressants can also be prescribed for ADHD. However, they have a smaller chance of improving concentration and focus. Several studies have shown that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be used together to achieve better results than either by itself. Combining these two medications improved compliance and reduced the risk of adverse effects for the majority of people. The combination also proved effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination could be a feasible option for children with severe ADHD.